ABSTRACT
A randomized double blind placebo controlled trial was carried out to study the effect of phenobarbitone (PB) in preventing recurrences of simple and atypical febrile convulsions among children in the age group 6 months to 6 years. Children with simple febrile convulsions were randomly allocated to receive either phenobarbitone or placebo. Children with atypical convulsions were treated with phenobarbitone, as a third group. Thirty children were admitted in each group. All the children were followed up for a period of twelve months. Recurrence of convulsions and side effects of PB were recorded. Recurrence occurred in only 7% (95% confidence interval: 1-22) of children on Phenobarbitone, suffering from either simple or atypical febrile convulsions, compared to 53% (95% confidence interval: 34-72) of children on placebo, suffering from simple febrile convulsions. With Phenobarbitone, 5% of children had intolerable side effects. These results suggest that long term prophylaxis with phenobarbitone, even in simple febrile convulsions will be useful.
Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Double-Blind Method , Drug Tolerance , Epilepsies, Partial/prevention & control , Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic/prevention & control , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Phenobarbital/administration & dosage , Placebos , Recurrence , Seizures, Febrile/prevention & controlABSTRACT
A cohort of hundred children with febrile convulsions, in the age group of 3 months to 5 years were followed up prospectively for one year to study the natural course of the illness, and to determine if specific factors would increase the risk of recurrence of febrile convulsions. The risk factors studied were age of onset under one year, long duration of convulsion (more than 15 minutes), family history of febrile convulsion or epilepsy and combination of two or all of the above factors. Four groups of children with different risk factors were followed up for recurrence of convulsion, after the first attack. A group of children without any risk factor was considered as control and they were also followed up for recurrence of convulsions. Though all the groups with the risk factors, showed a trend towards a higher recurrence rate when compared to controls, the difference observed clinically was not significant statistically. This could be due to the small sample size of each group. A larger study could throw light on the predictive value of these risk factors and narrow down the use of long term anticonvulsant prophylaxis.
Subject(s)
Age Factors , Child, Preschool , Cohort Studies , Female , Humans , India , Infant , Male , Nutritional Status , Recurrence , Risk Factors , Seizures, Febrile/epidemiology , Time FactorsABSTRACT
To assess the influence of maternal malnutrition on the mode of delivery and asphyxia neonatorum, a cross sectional survey of 615 women in the age group of 20-28 yrs at the time of delivery was done. Women with chronic ailments and complicated pregnancies were excluded. The mothers were then classified into three groups based on Weight Height Product Index (WHPI) namely well nourished (WN), moderately malnourished (MMN) and severely malnourished (SMN). The proportion of asphyxiated babies among the three groups did not differ (P greater than 0.05). Abnormal deliveries like caesarean section were more common among SMN group compared to WN group ((P less than 0.01). No such difference was made out between MMN and WN groups (P greater than 0.05).
Subject(s)
Asphyxia Neonatorum/etiology , Birth Weight , Cesarean Section , Cross-Sectional Studies , Delivery, Obstetric , Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Nutrition Disorders/complications , Nutritional Status , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Complications , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
We evaluated 50 mothers of children with Down syndrome attending Genetic Clinic of the Institute of Child Health and Hospital for Children, Madras, with special reference to their knowledge, belief and attitudes in the care of these children. After evaluation, they were educated individually and in groups with demonstration, picture cards and pamphlets, on the causation, expected health problems, developmental potential of Down syndrome and the ways and means to help the child to attain the maximum developmental potential. They were taught on preventive aspects of Down syndrome as well. Re-evaluation was done after three months, and considerable improvement was noted in the mother's knowledge, and attitude towards bringing up such a child. The mothers also showed an improvement in the skills in providing developmental enrichment to these children. Thus this study has formulated a programme in the management of such children, which can be practised on any population, anywhere, especially, in rural areas, and by less affluent folk, with poor educational background.
Subject(s)
Adult , Child, Preschool , Down Syndrome , Female , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Home Nursing/education , Humans , Male , Mothers/psychology , Program EvaluationABSTRACT
The objective is to study the present status of the antenatal immunization with tetanus toxoid and the natal and immediate postnatal factors among the cases of neonatal tetanus and the changes over time. Retrospective analysis of 61 case records of Neonatal Tetanus (NNT) during 1987-88 and prospective study of 19 cases of 1989 was done. The number of cases have decreased considerably from 88 in 1984 to 19 in 1989. 80% of cases were from residents outside the city. Antenatal checkup improved from 37.7% in 1987 to 73.7% in 1989. The proportion of mothers of NNT cases who received = greater than 2 doses have increased from 19.7% in 1987-88 to 31.6% in 1989. In the year 1989, 21% and 10.5% have received the I and II doses of TT respectively at the 9th month of pregnancy, the value of which is doubtful. Majority (73.7%) were domiciliary deliveries conducted by dhais and this has not changed over the years. The importance of antenatal booking, immunization at the appropriate time, hygienic obstetric and cord care are stressed.